What is Java? Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. These interview questions help developers clear Spring Boot and backend engineering rounds.
The four pillars are: 1. Encapsulation (hiding data using private variables and getters/setters), 2. Inheritance (subclasses inheriting properties using extends), 3. Polymorphism (overloading methods statically or overriding them dynamically), and 4. Abstraction (hiding implementation using abstract classes and interfaces).
An Abstract Class can have both abstract and concrete methods, declare instance variables, and support single inheritance. An Interface contains only abstract methods (until Java 8 default methods), does not declare instance variables, and supports multiple inheritance.
Spring Framework requires extensive XML or Java configurations to initialize databases and security layers. Spring Boot automates this setup using auto-configuration, opinionated dependency starters, and embedded web servers like Tomcat.
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